Ivory Demand Fuels Surge in Borneo Pygmy Elephant Killings
Conservationists are raising alarm over the recent spate of illegal killings of Borneo pygmy elephants, believed to be driven by a booming black market for ivory. The disturbing discovery of mutilated elephant carcasses in Kalabakan has underscored the growing threat to one of Malaysia’s most critically endangered species.
University Malaysia Sabah (UMS) board member Samasuddin Yusop, said the surge in poaching is closely tied to soaring ivory prices.
“What’s happening now clearly relates to supply and demand. These poachers go to great lengths to kill elephants because the price offered for ivory is very lucrative,” he told local media recently.
In response to the crisis, UMS has pledged to support government efforts in raising public awareness and educating local communities, particularly in rural areas where the risk of poaching is high.
Samasuddin said he has engaged experts from the university’s Institute of Tropical Biology and Conservation to develop outreach and early education programmes targeting primary and secondary school students in Kalabakan.
He also called on authorities to intensify surveillance and enforcement operations, especially in border areas vulnerable to wildlife trafficking. Kalabakan’s proximity to international borders makes it a prime target for smugglers.
Tensions between conservation efforts and agricultural development have also come to light, with elephants often encroaching on oil palm plantations and causing financial losses for farmers. Samasuddin urged government-linked companies and private estate owners to work closely with the Sabah Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Environment (KePKAS) to develop long-term, sustainable strategies that balance wildlife protection and economic interests.
The recent killings have shocked conservationists. In January, a decapitated elephant missing its legs was found near the Maliau Basin conservation area. Earlier this month, another headless carcass was discovered. In response, KePKAS has announced a RM10,000 reward for any information leading to the arrest of the perpetrators.
Borneo pygmy elephants are protected under the Sabah Wildlife Conservation Enactment 1997. Offenders face steep penalties, including fines and imprisonment. However, with an estimated wild population of only 1,500 to 2,000 individuals, conservationists warn that continued poaching could push the species closer to extinction.
“The survival of the Borneo pygmy elephant depends on immediate, coordinated action,” said Samasuddin. “We must act now — not just to punish the perpetrators, but to educate future generations about the value of protecting our natural heritage.”
